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1.
urol. colomb. (Bogotá. En línea) ; 31(2): 56-62, 2022. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1412076

RESUMO

Objectives Ionizing radiation imaging is commonly used for diagnosis and follow up in children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). We aim to measure the effective dose (mSv) in patients with VUR. Methods We reviewed our electronic database of patients under 8-years-old with VUR. Primary endpoint was to calculate the effective radiation dose (ED). Absolute frequencies and percentages were reported for global qualitative variables. This study conducted a logistic regression model to calculate the odds ratio for radiation exposure. Analysis was performed using STATA version 14.0 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, EEUU). Results A total of 140 patients were found, 97 were assessed for eligibility. We included 59 patients in the final analysis. Mean age was 20 ± 17.9 months, 66% were females. Most cases of VUR were bilateral (44%) and high grade (93.4%). The lowest number of studies per patient was two, with a minimum radiation of 5.7 mSv. The highest radiation was estimated at 20.7 mSv corresponding to a total of five studies. Logistic regression showed that highest grades of VUR and age of first UTI episode were associated with higher ED (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 0.87-3.31), (OR 1.02; 95% CI 0.97-1.07) respectively. A mean ED for children with VUR was estimated of 5.5 ± 3 mSv/year. Conclusion In our study, the children with VUR were exposed to 5.5 mSv/year without counting the natural background radiation, which is alarming, and we believe should raise awareness worldwide in how we are unnecessarily diagnosing indolent VUR cases and following patients.


Objetivos La imagenología por radiación ionizante es una herramienta usada frecuentemente para el diagnóstico y seguimiento de pacientes con reflujo vesicoureteral (RVU). El objetivo del presente trabajo es calcular la dosis estimada en milisieverts (mSv) de pacientes con RVU. Métodos Se realizó una revisión retrospectiva de todos los pacientes menores de 8 años con RVU. El objetivo principal fue calcular la dosis de radiación efectiva recibida por los pacientes con base en los estudios imagenológicos realizados hasta el momento de la revisión de la base de datos. Las frecuencias y porcentajes fueron reportados para las variables cualitativas. Se realizó una regresión logística para calcular la asociación de factores de riesgo con la exposición a radiación. El análisis estadístico fue realizado con el programa STATA versión 14.0 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, EEUU). Resultados Se identificaron 140 patientes, de los cuales 97 fueron evaluados para coprobar su elegibilidad. En total, 59 pacientes fueron incluidos para el análisis final. La edad promedio de los pacientes fue de 20 ± 1,.9 meses, y 66% eran mujeres. La mayoría de casos fueron bilaterales (44%) y de alto grado (93,4%). El menor número de estudios realizados por paciente fue 2, con una dosis mínima de radiación acumulada de 5,7 mSv. La máxima radiación acumulada fue de 20,7 mSv, correspondiente a un total de 5 estudios. La regresión logística demostró que altos grados de reflujo y la edad a la cual tuvieron la primera infección se asociaban con mayores dosis de radiación efectiva (razón de probabilidades [RP]: 1.7; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%]: 0,87­3,31), (RP: 1,02; IC95%: 0,97­1,07), respectivamente. Estimamos una dosis efectiva de radiación de 5,5 ± 3 mSv/año en nuestra población. Conclusión Nuestro estudio demuestra que pacientes con reflujo son expuestos a un promedio de 5,5 mSv/año sin contar la radiación de base a la que se exponen todos los humanos anualmente, lo cual resulta alarmante. Esto debe generar introspección al momento de evaluar pacientes con reflujo y evitar efectos a largo y mediano plazos.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Radiação de Fundo , Refluxo Vesicoureteral , Radiação , Doses de Radiação , Exposição à Radiação
2.
Asian J Urol ; 7(4): 345-350, 2020 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32995279

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Once chronic inflammatory renal disease (IRD) develops, it creates a severe peri-fibrotic process, which makes it a relative contraindication for minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Our objective is to show that laparoscopic nephrectomy (LN) is a surgical option in IRD with fewer complications and better outcomes. METHODS: Retrospective review of patients who underwent a modified-surgical laparoscopic transperitoneal nephrectomy was performed. Data search included all operated patients between May 2013 and May 2018 that had a pathology result with any renal inflammatory condition (xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, chronic nephritis, and renal tuberculosis). We describe intra-operative variables such as operative time, blood loss, conversion rate, postoperative complications and length of hospital stay. RESULTS: There were 51 patients who underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy with a confirmatory pathology report for IRD. We identified four (8%) major complications; three of them required transfusion and one conversion to open surgery. The mean operative time was 233±108 min. Mean estimated blood loss was 206±242 mL excluding the conversion cases and 281±423 mL including them. The mean length of hospital stay was 3.0±2.0 days. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic nephrectomy for IRD can safely be done. It is a reproducible technique with low risks and complication rates. Our experience supports that releasing the kidney first and leaving the hilum for the end is a safe approach when vascular structures are embedded into a single block of inflammatory and scar tissue.

3.
Univ. med ; 57(4): 430-437, oct. - dic. 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1007179

RESUMO

Objetivo: Identificar la tasa de detección de cáncer de próstata en pacientes en quienes se realizaron biopsias por saturación en el Hospital Universitario San Ignacio desde enero del 2005 hasta febrero del 2015. Métodos: En el Hospital Universitario San Ignacio se han realizado 114 biopsias por saturación. Para este estudio se llevó a cabo un análisis univariado de las variables a estudio. Se obtuvo la asociación por medio del T-test y del test de Wilcoxon con una significancia de 0,05. Por último, se corrió un modelo de regresión para predecir un resultado positivo para cáncer de próstata. Resultados: La tasa de detección de cáncer de próstata fue del 16,7 %, y de estos el 84 % fueron categorizados como significativos. En promedio, se obtuvieron 19 muestras de tejido. El número de biopsias previas, el número de muestras, el volumen de la próstata y la densidad del PSA presentaron valores estadísticamente significativos. Conclusiones: La biopsia por saturación en Colombia presenta una tasa de detección de cáncer de próstata del 16,7 %, de las cuales el 84 % fueron significativas.


Objective: Identify the prostate cancer detection rate in patients in whom underwent a saturation prostate biopsy as a rebiopsy from January 2005 to February 2015 at San Ignacio Hospital. Materials and methods: In San Ignacio hospital were performed from January 2005 to February 2015, 114 saturation biopsies. The investigators made a univariate analysis of the variables. The association between the variable was evaluated based on the T-test and Wilcoxon test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Finally, a regression model was performed to predict significant variables for prostate cancer. Results: The cancer detection rate using saturation prostate biopsy was 16.7% of which 84% were categorized as significant. A mean of 19 cores were obtained. There were statistically significant differences between patients with prostate cancer and healthy patients in the number of previous biopsies, number of samples, prostate volume and PSA density. Conclusion: Saturation prostate biopsy in our study has a prostate cancer detection rate of 16.7% and 84% of them were significant in this cohort of patients.


Assuntos
Próstata , Neoplasias da Próstata , Biópsia
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